polycystic ovary syndrome

Polycystic ovary syndrome, also known as PCOS, is one of the most common endocrine disorders in women of childbearing age, and is a common cause of anovulatory infertility and hyperandrogenemia.PCOS refers to a highly heterogeneous syndrome with onset in puberty, in which benign hyperplasia of the ovarian cells causes excessive androgen production, resulting in menstrual disruption, persistent ovulation disorders, hyperandrogenemia, hirsutism, obesity, infertility, insulin resistance, and bilateral polycystic ovarian enlargement. PCOS is a highly heterogeneous syndrome with clinical features of enlargement, which is a serious threat to women’s reproductive health as well as physical and mental health.PCOS is most common in women aged 17-30 years old, and the prevalence of PCOS in women of childbearing age is 5-10%, which accounts for 30-60% of anovulatory infertility.

The exact etiological mechanisms of polycystic ovary syndrome are complex, with a high degree of clinical heterogeneity and environmental and genetic interactions, and the study of the aetiology of PCOS has been a hotspot and a challenge in the study of the disease.
The broad causes of PCOS factors can be categorised as genetic and non-genetic. During IVF treatment for patients with polycystic ovaries, care should be taken to prevent the occurrence of moderate-to-severe OHSS during controlled superovulation treatment cycles to avoid serious adverse consequences, although OHSS can be avoided because the follicles have not finally matured and the E2 levels are within the safe range.